Industrial Units manufacturing large plant and machinesry required for power generation, transmission, distribution and utilization are covered under the category " Heavy Electrical Industry" These include turbo-generators, boilers, various types of turbines, transformers, motors switchgears and other such items.

Electrical equipments such as motors, transformers, switchgers etc. Are used by all sectors of the Indian Economy. Some major areas where these are used are the multi – crore projects for power generation including nuclear power stations, petrochemical complexes, chemical plants integrated steel plants, non-ferrous metal units etc. The Industry has been upgrading the existing technology and is now capable of taking up turnkey contracts also for export markets. The Industry has been delicensed.

The existing installed capacity in the industry is of the orders of 4500 MW of thermal, 1345 MW of Hydro and about 250 MW of gas based power generation equipment per annum. There also exist capability for manufacture of equipment for nuclear power plants in the country. The share of domestic equipment is about 66% in the country ‘s power generation capacity.

The Heavy Electrical Industry is capable of manufacturing transmission and distribution equipment upto 400 KV AC and high voltage DC. Steps have also been taken to upgrade the technology to the next higher systems voltage level of 800 KV. Large electrical motor used in Steel plants, Petrochemical complexes and other such heavy industries are also being manufactured in the country.

The domestic Heavy Electrical equipment manufactures are making use of the developments in the global market with respect to product designs and upgrading of manufacturing & testing facilities.

A status report covered under Heavy electrical Industry is given below:-

The capacity established for manufacture of various kinds of turbines such as steam & hydro turbines including Industrial turbines is more than 7000 MW per annum. Apart from BHEL, the public sector unit which has the largest installed capacity, there are units in the private sector also manufacturing steam & hydro turbines for power generation & Industrial use. The manufacturing range of BHEL includes steam turbines upto 500 MW unit rating which they are planning to enhance upto 660 MW. They have capability to manufactures Gas Turbines upto 255 MW (ISO) rating.

BHEL is the largest manufacturer of boilers in the country and has the capacity to manufacture boilers for Super thermal power plants apart from utility boilers and industrial boilers. BHEL presently accounts for around 60 % of total production of boilers. The domestic industry has the capacity to meet the indigenous requirement/ demand for boilers.

The domestic transformers industry is well established with ability to provide state-of-the-art equipments. The industry has the capacity to manufacture whole range of power and distribution transformers including the REC rating of 25,53,100 KVA and also the extra High voltage ranges of 400 kV, 600 MVA. Special types of transformers required for furnaces, rectifiers electric tract etc. and series and shunt reactors as well as HVDC transmission. upto 500 kV are also being manufactured in the country. The industry is well equipped to cope with the requirement of the country’s power sector development programme.

In India, the entire range of circuit breakers from bulk oil, minimum oil, air blast, vacuum to SF6 are manufactured to standard specification for the benefit of customers. The ranges of products produced cover the entire voltage range for 240V to 420V. Switchgear and controlgear, MCBs, air circuit breakers, switches, reswireable fuses and HRC fuses with their respective fuse bases, holders and starters are being produced to customers’ specifications as well as to standard specifications. Motor control centers, distribution panels and elaborate control systems based on microprocessor and computer control are also available for power stations, load dispatch centers, major receiving centers and industrial complexes.

The reliability of this equipments is proved through field tests and field performance. In fact all equipment is type – tested in recognised laboratories.

There are two type of Electrical furnaces, i.e. (i) Induction furnaces, heating equipment and (ii) Arc Furnaces. Electrical Furnaces are used in Metallurgical and Engineering industries like forging and foundry, machine tools, automobiles etc. Adequate capacity for production of these products has been established.

Shunting locomotives for localized/ internal transport facilities are used in Railways, Steel Plants, Thermal power plants etc. BHEL’s Jhansi Unit among others is manufacturing such locomotives. The installed capacity is adequate to meet the domestic demand.

Indian Textile Machinery Manufacturers are manufacturing textile machinery required for sorting, cording, processing of yarns/ fabrics and weaving along-with the components, spares and accessories. The industry has developed over the last five decades and is one of the oldest industry catering to the needs of textile sector. There are over 600 units engaging in the manufacture of machinery and spars out of which about 100 units are manufacturing complete machinery. The Textile Machinery Industry are endeavoring to upgrade the production of sophisticated machine so as to cater to the needs of garments and weaving sector.

With a capital investment of Rs. 1500 crore and an installed capacity of Rs. 3600 crore per annum, their current production as well as export are as under :-

Cement Machinery sector is capable of manufacturing and supplying complete cement plants based on dry processing and pre-calcination technology for capacities upto 7500 TPD. Modern cement plants are designed for zero downtime, high product quality and better output with minimum energy consumed per unit of cement production etc. At present, there are 18 units in the organized sector for the manufacture of complete cement plant machinery. The industry is fully capable to meet the domestic demand of cement machinery. The value of the existing installed capacity has been estimated at Rs. 600 crore/annum. The production for April 1999 to March 2000 was Rs. 349.72 crore. Imports and exports during 2000-2001 were around Rs. 1.18 crore and Rs. 3.25 crores respectively.

Domestic manufacturers of sugar machinery occupy predominant position in the global scenario. They are capable of manufacturing sugar plants of latest design for a capacity upto 10,000 TCD. There are presently 27 units in the organised sector for the manufacture of complete sugar plants and components with a current level of production value of Rs. 136.87 crore against installed capacity of Rs. 200 crore.

The range of equipment includes cane handling and milling plants, Evaporator, Bagasse Drying plants, Centrifugals, Weighing and Bagging Machine etc. besides complete sugar palnts.

There are at present 19 units in the organized sector for the manufacture of rubber machinery mainly required for tyre/tube industry. The range of equipments manufactured in the country includes inters-mixer, tyre curing presses, tube splicers, bladder curing presses, tyre moulds, tyre building machines, turnet servicer, bias cutters, rubber injection moulding machine, bead wires etc.

In the past the Industry has secured export orders against stiff international competition for tyre tube curing presses tube splicers etc. The import and exports during 2000-01 were Rs. 15.41 crore and Rs. 4.30 crore respectively.

The range of equipments manufactured includes crushing and screening plants, coal/ore/ash handling plant and associated equipment such as stackers, reclaimers, ship loaders/ unloaders, wagon tipplers, feeders etc. catering to the growing and rapidly changing needs of the core industries such as Coal, Cement, Power, Port, Mining, Fertilizers and steel plants.

There are 50 units in the Organised sector for the manufacture of material handling equipment and their production value is Rs. 284.43 crore for the year 1999- 2000 . Besides units in the organized sector, there are numbers of units operating in the small scale sector manufacturing material handling equipments and its components. Import and Exports during 2000-2001 were around Rs. 106.68 crore and Rs. 27.80 crore respectively.

There are 78 units in the organized sector manufacturing pulp & paper machinery . The estimated value of installed capacity is around Rs. 200 crore per annum. The present level of production is Rs. 51.54 crore.

The indigenous industry has been well established and are able to produce plants ranging from 10 TPD to 300 TPD capacity which includes equipments for pulping facilities, stock preparation, finishing etc. The indigenous industry is also in a position to execute orders on turnkey basis. Import and Exports during 2000-2001 were Rs. 50.45 crores and Rs. 20.77 crores respectively.

The petroleum industry in India is undergoing a major change. In accordance with the ongoing process of liberalisation, the industry has been thrown open for private sector in all the major areas of exploration, production, refining and marketing , resulting in increased demand for the oil field and related equipment. The users are ONGC, Oil India Ltd. on charter-hire basis.

Oil field equipment industry is well established in the country. Both onshore and offshore drilling rigs are being produced . The major producers ares BHEL, Hindustan Shipyard, Mazagon Dock and Burn & Co. BHEL, Hyderabad, a public sector undertaking is the only unit. The present capacity of the unit is 2 nos. per annum. Off shore platforms/ structures are being produced both by public and privates sector companies.

The printing Machinery can be broadly classified into threes group of pre-printing, printing and post –printing equipment. The result of concrete R&D efforts by leading manufacturers in the world has transformed printing from a craft oriented activity to large scale mechanised, automatic and streamlined operation involving technology inputs at each stage. The present trend is towards the use of computers based systems particularly in the pre-printing equipment and the controls of printing machines.

At present, there are 70 printing and allied equipment manufacturers in the country out of which 21 units are in the organized sector. The current level of production of this industry is Rs. 151.73 crore. The estimated exports and imports for printing and allied equipment during 2000-2001 were Rs. 115.24 crore and Rs. 190.11 crore respectively.

The present range of manufacture includes single and multicolour Sheetfed and Webfed offset printing machines of medium speeds and simples controls, rotogravure/flexogravure, rotary printing machines and simple/semiautomatic plate making, binding, stitching and finishing equipment. The country is totally dependent on important for most of the pre-printing equipment and automatic binding equipment.

Metallurgical machinery includes equipment for mineral benefication, ore dressing , size reduction , steel plant equipment, foundary equipment and furnaces.

At present there are 39 units in the organized sector engaged in the manufactures of various types of metallurgical machinery . The production of the industry during 1998-99 and 1999-2000 was Rs. 262.60 crore and Rs. 368.26 crore respectively.

The existing production capacity in the country is sufficient to meet the demand of these equipments in the country . However, there is a technological gap in the basic design and engineering for plants and equipments in the ferrous and non-ferrous sector for which the domestic manufacturers are dependent on imported know-how. Since the process of making ferrous and non-ferrous metal is linked up with the design of the equipment, there is a need for close interaction between the process know-how , designers and equipment manufacturers.

Indigenous manufacturers are in a position to supply majority of the equipment for steel plant like blast furnaces sinter plants, coke ovens steel melting shop equipment, continous casting equipment, rolling mills & finishing line. The exports and imports of Metallurgical Machinery items during 2000-2001 were Rs. 128.90 crore and Rs. 386.49 crores respectively.

The major mining equipments are Longwall Mining Equipment, Road Header, side discharges Loader (SDL), Haulage Winder, Ventilation Fan, Load Hauldumper (LHD), Coal Cutter, Conveyors, Battery Loco, Pumps, Friction Prop, etc.

At present there are 32 manufacturers in the organized sector both in public and private sector for underground and surface mining equipment of various types. Out of these 17 units manufacture underground mining equipment. The total production of mining equipment in the country is Rs. 213.45 crore. The estimated exports and imports of mining machinery during 2000-01 were Rs. 20 lakh and Rs. 14.40 crores respectively.

The vast majority of mining equipment requirement of the mining industry is being met by the indigenous manufacturers of the equipment. In case of some highly sophisticated equipment, critical parts are imported.

The consumption of liquid milk in India accounts for about 46% of the total milk production and remaining 54% is utilized for conversion to milk products. The range of equipments presently manufactured by the indigenous manufacturers includes stainless steel dairy equipments, evaporators, milk refrigerators and and storage tanks, milk and cream deodorizers, centrifuges, clarifiers, agitators, homogenisers, spray dryers and heat exchangers (tubular and plate type) etc. At present there are 16 units manufacturing dairy machinery and equipment in the organized sector, both in private and public sector. In the organized sector, both in private and public sector, In the recent year many dairy plants have been commissioned by M/s N.D.D.B. and the majority of equipments have been supplied by indigenous manufacturers, The spray dryers, plate type heat exchanger and other core equipments for their milk powder plant call for high degrees of polish requiresment on the equipments because the presence of any microcrevices resulting from inadequate polish tends to be the incubation and breeding ground for the bacteria.

The production figures during the year 1998-99 and 1999-2000 are as under:-

1998-1999 - Rs. 21.50 crore

1999-2000 - Rs. 19.45 crore

The estimated export and import of Dairy and Mixing equipment in 2000-2001 has been Rs. 244 lakh and Rs. 2192 lakh respectively.

Small scale sector is also contributing to indigenous production for fabricated equipments for dairy industry. The technology gap exist for handling equipments such as self cleaning cream, separator, asceptic processing systems, etc. The processing technology for manufacture of yoghurt and traditional Indian sweets plant equipment is also deficient. The high speed machines for ices-cream manufacturing are also not presently manufactured in India.

Freight Containers are used for transportation of various kinds of goods without damages and pilferage. Containerising also reduces loading and unloading time.

Freight Containers are primarily required in international trade for importing and exporting of goods. Marine freight container which is a specialized item is produced in standard sizes as per ISO specifications. There are at present 8 units in the organized sector producing freight containers with an installed capacity of around 60,000 TEU twenty feet equivalent units) . The current level of production is around 20,000 containers per annum. Various types of containers produced include Bulk container, Dry Freight container and mini container. Capacity is also being created to produce refrigerated containers to export perishable commodities like mushrooms, marine products etc.

The major raw material used is high tensile steel which is available indigenously. Imported items include carbon steel, chemically treated marine quality plywood, marine paints, etc.

Machine Tool Industry , which is the backbone of the entire industrial engineering sector, is today in a position to export general purpose and a standard machine tool to even industrially advanced countries. During the last four decades, the machine tool industry in India has established a sound base and there are around 125 machine tool manufacturers in the organized sector as also around 300 units in the small ancillary sector.

Indian machine tools are built to the international standard of quality/precision and reliability. Most of the major manufacturers have already developed CNC Machine Tools. A number of collaborations have also been approved for bringing in the latest technology in this field of modern machine tools and the industry is now exporting conventional as well as NC/CNC high – tech machine tools. In the field of R & D, Central Manufacturing Technology Institutes, Bangalore has been doing pioneering research for more appropriate designed machine tools. The average import content in respect of CNC machine during early 90s had been around 40% which has since been reduced substantially by indigenisation of major components, The sector is delicenced and import is also permitted.

The production import and export data furnished by the Machine Tools Manufacturing Association for 1997-98, 1998-99, 1999-2000 and 2000-2001 are as under:-