Industrial Units manufacturing large plant and machinery required for power generation, transmission, distribution and utilisation are covered under the category "Heavy Electrical Industry". These include turbo-generators, boilers, various types of turbines, transformers, motors switchgears and other such items.

Electrical equipments such as motors, transformers, switchgears etc. are used by all sectors of the Indian Economy. Some major areas where these are used are the multi-crore projects for power generation including nuclear power stations, petrochemical complexes, chemical plants integrated steel plants, non-ferrous metal units etc. The industry has been upgrading the existing technology and is now capable of taking up turn-key contracts also for export markets. The Industry has been de-licensed.

The existing installed capacity in the industry is of the order of 4500 MW of thermal, 1345 MW of Hydro and about 100 MW of gas based power generation equipment per annum. There also exists capability for manufacture of equipment for nuclear power plants in the country. The share of domestic equipment is about 66% in the country’s power generation capacity.

The Heavy Electrical Industry is capable of manufacturing transmission and distribution equipment upto 400 KV AC and high voltage DC. Steps have also been taken to upgrade the technology to the next higher system voltage level of 800 KV. Large electrical motor used in Steel plants, Petrochemical complexes and other such heavy industries are also being manufactured in the country.

The domestic Heavy Electrical equipment manufacturers are making use of the developments in the global market with respect to product designs and upgrading of manufacturing & testing facilities.

A status report of various products covered under Heavy Electrical Industry is given below :

The capacity established for manufacture of various kinds of turbines such as steam & hydro turbines including Industrial turbines is more than 7000 MW per annum. Apart from BHEL, the public sector unit which has the largest installed capacity, there are units in the private sector also manufacturing steam & hydro turbines for power generation and industrial use. The manufacturing range of BHEL includes steam turbines upto 500 MW unit rating which they are planning to enhance upto 660 MW. They have capability to manufacture Gas Turbines upto 255 MW (ISO) rating.

BHEL is the largest manufacturer of boilers in the country and has the capacity to manufacture boilers for Super thermal power plants apart from utility boilers and industrial boilers. BHEL presently accounts for around 60% of total production of boilers. The domestic industry has the capacity to meet the indigenous requirement/demand for boilers.

The domestic transformers industry is well established with ability to provide state-of-the-art equipments. The industry has the capacity to manufacture whole range of power and distribution transformers including the REC ratings of 25,53,100 KVA and also the extra high voltage range of 400 KV, 600 MVA. Banks, special types of transformers required for furnaces, rectifiers, electric tractions etc. and series and shunt reactors as well as HVDC transmission upto 500 KV are also being manufactured in the country. The industry is well equipped to cope with the requirements of the country’s power sector development programmes during the period.

In India, the entire range of circuit breakers from bulk oil, minimum oil, air blast, vacuum to SF6, are manufactured to standard specifications for the benefit of customers. Switchgear and controlgear, MCBs, air circuit breakers, switches, rewireable fuses and HRC fuses with their respective fuse bases, holders and starters are being produced to customers’ specifications as well as to standard specifications. Motor control centres, distribution panels and elaborate control systems based on microprocessor and computer control are also available for power stations, load despatch centres, major receiving centres and industrial complexes.

The reliability of this equipment is proved through field tests and field performance. In fact all equipment is type-tested in recognised laboratories.

There are two types of Electrical furnaces, i.e. (i) Induction furnaces, heating equipment and (ii) Arc Furnaces. Electrical Furnaces are used in Metallurgical and Engineering industries like forging and foundry, machine tools, automobiles etc. Adequate capacity for production of these products has been established.

Shunting locomotives for localised/internal transport facilities are used in Railways, Steel Plants, Thermal power plants etc. BHEL’s Jhansi Unit among others is manufacturing such locomotives. The installed capacity in this case is also adequate to meet the domestic demand.

The Indian Textile Machinery Manufacturing Industry ( TMMI) has developed over the last five decades and has played a pivotal role in the modernisation of the textile industry. They are manufacturing conventional as well as sophisticated items of Textile Machinery, Components, Spares, and accessories. There are about 600 units engaged in manufacture of machinery, spares and accessories, out of which about 100 are manufacturing complete textile machinery. Besides certain units are manufacturing textile testing eqipments. The TMMI is one of the largest Capital Goods industry in the engineering sector. Continuous upgradation of the product is undertaken to stay in line with the latest and most sophisticated technology.

With a capital investment of Rs.1500 Crores and an installed capacity of Rs. 3600 Crores per annum, the value of production recorded in the year 1998-99 was Rs. 1135.99 crore. The textile machinery Industry exports capital goods to the extent of about 20% of its annual production

The production and export figures of complete textile machinery, components and accessories from 1995-96 to 1999-2000 are as under :-

Cement Machinery sector is capable of manufacturing and supplying complete cement plants based on dry processing and pre-calcination technology for capacities upto 7500 TPD. Modern cement plants are designed for zero downtime, high product quality and better output with minimum energy consumption per unit of cement production etc. At present, there are 18 units in the organised sector for the manufacture of complete cement plant machinery. The industry is fully capable to meet the domestic demand of cement machinery. The value of the existing installed capacity has been estimated at Rs.600 crores/annum. The production for April 1999 to September 1999 is Rs. 206 crores approximately. Imports and Exports during 1997-98 were around Rs.1.83 crores and Rs. 1.78 crores respectively.

Sugar Machinery Industry

Domestic manufacturers of sugar machinery occupy predominant position in global scenario. They are capable of manufacturing sugar plants of latest design for a capacity upto 10,000 TCD. There are presently 27 units in the organised sector for the manufacture of complete sugar plants and components with a current level of production value of about Rs. 100 crores against installed capacity value of Rs.200 crores. The range of equipment includes cane handling and milling plants, Evaporator, Bagasse Drying plants, Centrifugals, Weighing and Bagging Machine etc. besides Complete sugar plants.

The exports during 1997-98 were about Rs.15.18 crore.

There are at present 19 units in the organised sector for the manufacture of rubber machinery mainly required for tyre/tube industry. The range of equipments manufactured in the country includes inter-mixer, tyre-curing presses, tube splicers, bladder curing presses, tyre moulds, tyre building machines, turnet servicer, bias cutters, rubber injection moulding machine,

Bead wire etc.

In the past, the industry has secured export orders against stiff international competition for tyre/tube curing presses, tube splicers, etc. The import and exports during 1997-98 were around Rs. 12.40 crores and Rs. 60.22 crore respectively.

Material Handling Equipment Industry

The range of equipments manufactured includes crushing and screening plants, coal/ore/ash handling plant and associated equipment such as stackers, reclaimers, ship loaders/ unloaders, wagon tipplers, feeders etc. catering to the growing and rapidly changing needs of the core industries such as Coal, Cement, Power, Ports, Mining, Fertilizers and steel plants.

There are 50 units in the organised sector for the manufacture of material handling equipment and their production value is estimated at Rs. 312.86 crore for the year 1998-99. Besides units in the organised sector, there are number of units operating in the small scale sector manufacturing material handling equipment and its components. Imports and Exports during 1997-98 were around Rs. 160.54 crore and Rs. 19.83 crore respectively.

There are 78 units in the organised sector manufacturing pulp & paper machinery. The estimated value of installed capacity is around Rs. 200 crores per annum. The production during 98-99 was Rs55.46 crores.

The indigenous industry has been well established and are able to produce plants ranging from 10 TPD to 300 TPD capacity which includes equipments for pulping facilities, stock preparation, finishing etc. The indigenous industry is also in a position to execute orders on turnkey basis. Imports and Exports during 1997-98 were around Rs. 53.62 crore and Rs. 8.38 crore respectively.

Oil Field Equipment

The petroleum industry in India is undergoing a major change. In accordance with the ongoing process of liberalisation. The industry has been thrown open for private sector in all the major areas of exploration, production, refining and marketing, resulting in increased demand for oil field and related equipment. The users are ONGC, Oil India Ltd on charter-hire basis.

Oil field equipment industry is well established in the country. Both onshore and offshore drilling rigs are being produced. The major producers are BHEL, Hindustan Shipyard, Mazagon Dock and Burn & Co. BHEL Hyderabad, a public sector undertaking is the only unit manufacturing onshore drilling rigs and workover rigs. The present capacity of the unit is 12 nos per annum. Off shore platforms/structures are being produced both by public and private sector companies.

The printing Machinery can be broadly classified into three group of pre-printing printing and post-printing equipment . The result of concrete R&D efforts by leading manufacturers in the world has transformed printing from a craft oriented activity to large scale mechanised, automatic and streamlined operation involving technology inputs at each stage. The present trend is towards the use of computer based systems particularly in the pre-printing equipment and controls of printing machines.

At present there are 70 printing and allied equipment manufacturers in the country out of which 21 units are in the organised sector. The current level of production during 1998-99 was Rs168.08Crores. The estimated exports and imports for printing and allied equipment during 1997-98 were Rs. 74 crores and Rs. 847 crores respectively.

Compared to last year's performance, it is seen that while exports have come down from Rs.80 crore to Rs.74 crore, the imports have gone up from 320 crore to Rs. 847 crore.

The present range of manufacturing includes single and multicolour sheetfed and Webfed offset printing machines of medium speeds and simple controls, rotogravure/flexogravure, rotary printing machines and simple/semi-automatic plate making, binding, stitching and finishing equipment.The country is totally dependent on imports for must of the pre-printing equipment and automatic binding equipment.

Metallurgical machinery includes equipment for mineral benefication ore dressing size reduction, steel plant equipment, foundary equipment and furnaces.

At present, there are 39 units in the organised sector engaged in the manufacture of various types of metallurgical machinery. The production of the industry during 1997-98 and 1998-99 was Rs. 250.42 crore and Rs. 262.60 crore.

The existing production capacity in the country is sufficient to meet the demand of these equipments in the country. However, there is a technological gap in the basic design and engineering for plants and equipments in the ferrous and non-ferrous sector for which the domestic manufacturers are dependent on imported know-how. Since the process of making ferrous and non-ferrous metal is linked up with the design of the equipment, there is a need for close interaction between the process know-how, designers and equipment manufacturers.

Indigenous manufacturers are in a position to supply majority of the equipment for steel plant like blast furnaces, sinter plant, coke ovens, steel melting shop equipment, continuous casting equipment, rolling mills & finishing line. The export and import of Metallurgical Machinery items during 1997-98 were Rs.61.36 crore and Rs. 523.28 crore respectively.

The major mining equipment are Longwall Mining Equipment ,road Header, side discharge Loader (SDL), Haulage Winder, Ventilation Fan, Load Hauldumpesr (LHD), Coal Cutter, Conveyors, Battery Loco, Pumps, Friction Prop, etc.

At present, there are 32 manufacturers in the organised sector both in public and private sector for underground and surface mining equipment of various types. Out of these 17 units manufacture underground mining equipment . The total production of mining equipment during 1998-99 is approximately Rs. 223.7980 crore. The estimated export and import of mining machinery during 1997-98 were Rs.63 lakhs and Rs. 1808 lakhs respectively.

The vast majority of mining equipment requirement of the mining Industry is being met by the indigenous manufacturers of the mining equipment. In case of some highly sophisticated equipment, critical parts are imported.

The consumption of liquid milk in India accounts for about 46% is utilized for conversion to milk product. The range of equipment presently manufactured by the indigenous manufacturers include stainless steel dairy equipments, evaporators, milk refrigerators and storage tanks, milk and cream deodorisers, centrifuges, clariffers, agitators, homogenisers, spray dryers and heat exchangers (tubular and plate type) etc. At present there are 16 units manufacturing dairy machinery and equipments in the organised sector, both in private and public sector. In the recent years many dairy plants have been commissioned by M/s N.D.D.B and the majority of equipment have been supplied by indigenous manufacturers. The spray dryers, place type heat exchanger and other core equipment for their milk powder plant call for high degree of polish requirement on the equipments because the presence of any microcrevices resulting from inadequate polish tends to be the incubation and breeding ground for the bacteria. The production figures during the last four financial years are as under :-

The estimated export and import of Dairy and Mixing equipment in 1997-98 has been Rs.1051 lakhs and Rs.1345 lakhs respectively. Small Scale Sector is also contributing to indigenous production for fabricated equipment for dairy industry. The technology gap exist for handling equipment such as self -cleaning cream, separator asceptic processing system etc. the processing technology for manufacture of yoghurt and traditional Indian sweet plant equipment is also deficient . The high speed machines for ice-cream manufacturing are also not presently.

The machinery manufacturing is delicensed under the current industrial policy and this sector qualifies for automatic F.C. approval upto 51% foreign equity participation.

Freight Containers are used for transportation of various kind of goods without damage and pilferage. Containerising also reduces loading and unloading time.

Freight Containers are primarily required in international trade for importing and exporting of goods. Marine freight containers which is a specialised item is produced in standard sizes as per ISO specifications. There are at present 8 units in the organised sector producing freight containers with an installed capacity of around 60,000 TEU (Twenty feet equivalent units). The current level of production is around 20,000 containers per annum. Various type of containers produced include Bulk container, Dry freight container and mini-containers to export perishable commodities like mushrooms, marine products etc.

The major raw material used is high tensile steel which is available indigenously. Imported items include carbon steel, chemically treated marine quality plywood, marine paints etc.

The industry is delicensed as per current industrial policy. Being covered under Annexure III, foreign collaboration upto 51% foreign equity is allowed under automatic approval scheme.

Machine Tools Industry

Machine Tools Industry manufactures basic equipments required for entire industrial sector including Defence & Railways and is the backbone of country's industrial development. Presently, there are approximately 125 manufacturers in the organised sector besides over 300 units in the small- scale sector manufacturing different type of machine tools and their accessories,

Conventional Machine Tools as well as some of the CNC based machine tools are presently being manufactured to the international standard in terms of precision and the reliability and the government have liberally supported the proposals for foreign collaboration in the field of NC/CNC based machines tools so as to bring the latest technology in the field .

The production, imports and exports of machine tools during the years 1997-98 and 1998-99 as reported by IMTMI is as under.

(Rs. In Crore )